Some of the terms used in volleyball can be confusing to new players, so I like to offer a resource that provides an explanation of some of the more commonly used terms. In this article we will cover offense, defense and rotations.
Insulted: This term refers to the system used to attack the ball, and is usually a 6-2 or 5-1. Teams choose an offense that will help ensure they can make an effective pass, capable play, and strong offense, giving them the best chance of winning the point. Some teams, especially those just learning the game, run a 4-2 offense.
In a 6-2 offense there are two ushers, and each in sets while on the back row of the court. This allows the team to always have three attackers in the front row who can attack the ball at the net. However, it can sometimes be difficult for a team to transition between setter throughout the game.
A 5-1 offense uses only one setter. This setter is responsible for placing the second ball no matter where it is on the court. There will be three rotations in this offense where the team has just two front-row hitters, but an athletic and skilled setter can offset this potential pitfall.
Rotations/rotation: This basically refers to the order in which the six players are placed around the court. There are always three front row players and three back row players. Teams may field their players in any order they see fit, but players must remain in their positions until the ball has been served or they will be called “out of rotation” and a point will be awarded to the other team. Teammates can be as close or as far away as necessary, as long as they don’t overlap the players next to them and move to the wrong spot on the court.
Once the ball has been served, players are free to move wherever they want, but only the three players on the front row can attack the ball in front of the 10-foot line or block. (Note: this may vary in some mixed leagues).
Defending: Defense refers to the disposition of the team that is not hitting the ball is a combination of blockers and passers, all set up to try and maximize the defending team’s chances of digging in the offense and getting a good pass to the setter.
It typically has one player who is responsible for taking tips or soft shots, two or three players who sit deep in the court to try hard hitting attacks, and one to three players who block. How each team sets up their defense will depend on their unique strengths and weaknesses.